How to Safely Choose an Essay Service Provider

The purpose of this scale is to aid people in determining the potential risk of doing business with a particular service provider in the essay industry. "Service providers" in the essay industry vary greatly; for example, you may encounter ESL scammers from Kenya using fake names and anonymous email addresses, a 30-year-old corporation, or anything in-between. In general, the more established, invested, reputable, verifiable, and legally accountable the service provider, the safer and more reliable that service provider will be.

Comparative and Relative Essay Service Provider Safety on a Scale of 1-5

(5 is safest; 1 is least safe)

EMAIL

Anonymous email address = 1

FREE HOSTING

Free hosting (no custom domain) = 1.25

Free hosting (custom domain) = 1.5

PAID HOSTING

Paid hosting (custom domain) = 1.75

Paid hosting (custom domain + free/shared SSL) = 2

Paid hosting (custom domain + free/shared SSL + phone) = 2.25

Paid hosting (custom domain + paid/dedicated SSL + phone) = 2.5

Paid hosting (custom domain + paid/dedicated SSL + phone + paid verifications from GoDaddy/Symantec/TrustGuard, etc.) = 3

Paid hosting (custom domain [registered in or before 2002] + paid/dedicated SSL + phone + paid verifications from GoDaddy/Symantec/TrustGuard, etc.) = 3.5

Paid hosting (custom domain [registered in or before 2002] + paid/dedicated SSL + phone + paid verifications from GoDaddy/Symantec/TrustGuard, etc. + registered, verifiable, active corporation) = 4

Paid hosting (custom domain [registered in or before 2002] + paid/dedicated SSL + phone + paid verifications from GoDaddy/Symantec/TrustGuard, etc. + registered, verifiable, active corporation [established in or before 2006]) = 4.5

Paid hosting (custom domain [registered in or before 2002] + paid/dedicated SSL + phone + paid verifications from GoDaddy/Symantec/TrustGuard, etc. + registered, verifiable, active corporation [established in or before 2006] + trademarks registered with USPTO) = 5

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Of course, there are other possible combinations, but this gives you a basic idea of how I go about establishing an initial assessment of every service provider. Also, since all other variables are considered equal for the purposes of this particular scale, it does not at all take into consideration variables such as geographical location, ESL status, fake testimonials, false advertising, misrepresentations, illegal offerings, stolen Web copy, etc.

I'll let the pros handle this one...

This looks like a legitimate list. I'd also add BBB membership could be a strong and positive factor. It may be nice to create a similar but REVERSE / negative list (for example, there are academic paper websites that try to distort reality by publishing a fake date in the Copyright notice - that should probably decrease the total Rate by X points).

There is this tool that allows freelance writers, students, and other people doing business online to find out the IP address of the other person (to confirm their location) - https://verifyyourip.com - it can be useful for all kinds of business transactions if the other person uses an anonymous email (like gmail, yahoo, outlook, hotmail, aol) which hide the IP of the sender. Or if a writer claims to be from the UK but in fact his/her IP shows that he either uses a proxy IP or is not based in the UK. Smart students can use this tool before they send payment to yet another 'Harvard professor' who is in fact an undergraduate student from the Kenyatta University in Nairobi ;).

Hey, Major, isn't it funny how all of the moaning writers who choose to operate with anonymous email addresses suddenly had nothing to say after I posted this thread?

There's nothing to say. Your "criteria" fits exactly 2 sites (1 if you use all of the above) in this industry. And we all know which......

And consider I haven't even been here that long. Still, it's painfully obvious

Wordsies, you're not implying that the parties posting in this thread are somehow connected to those two sites, are you? I had assumed that they were objective observers just trying to help people out. Is that a reputable, well-established website, Major? A member of the Better Business Bureau, perhaps?

1. Your claim is utterly false. Let's just start with that fact.

2. Apparently, you failed to read -- or simply don't want to acknowledge -- the last paragraph. I know what you are ignorantly insinuating, and you've got it bass ackwards, my friend. The criteria do not "fit" any particular site(s). In order to create a scale for ANYTHING, one obviously has to know the features/elements that constitute the lowest and highest possible points of value. You seem to be suggesting that I have not done my homework on every slightly significant site in the industry. Is that the case? Or, are you suggesting that there are other, lower/higher points of value that I have missed? Your angle aside, the bottom line is that hundreds of sites share many of the same features/elements. The sites that stand out from the pack stand out for a reason: they have features/elements that are extremely uncommon because such features/elements are extremely difficult to achieve and maintain. So, would you like a cookie for knowing the handful of "stand-out" sites that are at or near the top of the scale?


You haven't been here for long, so let me give you a piece of sound advice: if you're going to come after me, you better have all of your ducks in a row.

First - I agree with you about the quality of those sites that actually fit the bill. However, I do not agree with the way you structured your grading.

Come on. 2002 and earlier, seriously? That's like saying you shouldn't buy fruit from this guy because he only just opened his stand, go to the guy who has been selling for a decade (even though there's no apparent difference between their products). I am not advocation here, I have NO interest whatsoever in company legitimacy as I'm a sole proprietor. And my personal site actually fits most of your "criteria". I just think it's nonsensical to judge a company based mainly on age. If that were true, nobody would use Windows, or Mac. Heck, there would be no technology whatsoever because everyone would go with the old guy flipping horseshoes saying - hey, he's been around forever, lets go with him :)

I will concede that some companies are better, and that some companies have been around longer - and that that should amount to something. But that can never be the main criteria.

I can agree with you that the sites which actually (surely by pure accident) match ALL of the criteria are some of the best in the business. That's true. However, there are decent US/UK/AU sites out there that do not, especially not in the age department. But you did your homework, you must know that.

As for my angle - there really is none. I'm not a company owner - as you well know. So the majority of what you wrote doesn't really apply to me. I still find it amusing that you'd go to such lengths and then ruin your otherwise good post with a claim that a company operating since 2002 is ANY indication of quality. It is not, not by itself at least, and especially not the prime element to test validity. As far as I can tell (and I don't really spend my time browsing companies, so this comes from a simple glance), there are several Ukranian and other foreign (which you're vehemently against) companies that have been operating for a very long time. Are they good? Do they treat their writers good? Do they deliver quality?

Furthermore, I know you're always saying this is a US site, but why would legitimate UK companies (for example) have a BBB accreditation or USPTO? If you want to be objective, you cannot rule out companies because they're not from the US (and I'm talking purely about UK/CA/AU companies here, not ESL ones). Since those elements are only available to US companies, you are rooting for the home team, and a very specific team at that. Are you not?

Once again, you are failing to read or comprehend what I have typed. There is no "fitting the bill." There is a spectrum of features (all of which I listed), upon which I make an INITIAL ASSESSMENT (not a final assessment). You're obviously not paying very close attention to the critical detail in my explanations. What is clear is that you have an agenda (or a grudge) that is fueling your apparent inability and/or refusal to accept what is 100% valid and reasonable.


Thanks for playing. I knew that you'd ignorantly -- in the most literal terms -- jump all over the "2002" issue because you simply do not know what I know. Do you really think that you are the first person who thought he/she could hit me with malicious accusations or challenge my knowledge/intentions and win? Please . . . . I'm 10 steps ahead, as usual. Age is merely one factor among many. It is, however, one of the more important factors that carries more weight. Why? Longevity is not common in the essay industry because honest, sustained success is quite difficult. The year 2002, in particular, is a red line in the sand because the first Ukraine-based site/company appeared in 2003. The Ukraine-based sites are responsible for the vast majority of fraud in the industry, as well as worldwide hacking campaigns that have resulted in literally millions of Web sites being infected with malicious redirection code. Oh, but I'm sure that you already knew all of this.

Again, you need to remember that the purpose of my scale is to aid would-be customers who don't have a clue how to even begin sifting through thousands of sites/freelancers. It gives the layman the means to quickly and easily determine the POTENTIAL risk -- based on numerous factors -- of doing business with a particular service provider in the essay industry. You will note (or, based on your track record so far, maybe you won't) that never once have I stated something like "this scale is definitive," "there are no exceptions to the rule," or "main criteria." That type of absolute language has come from you, and only you.


Yes, it is. The end.


First of all, I am a US citizen posting in a US Web site about the US essay industry. It is YOU who is out of place and off base, not me. If you want to focus on UK sites/freelancers, feel free to leave and make your own site. Secondly, I never mentioned "BBB" because I have personally confirmed over the phone -- while posing as a site owner interested in acquiring a BBB logo -- that money is overwhelmingly the main factor in being accepted (and how one is "treated," at least in my experience). If you don't have multiple thousands of dollars (price varies according to region) to get the ball rolling, you get the cold shoulder. As for the USPTO, it is an extremely uncommon characteristic. I have seen it from precisely one company. Due to how even simply applying for a USPTO trademark opens a company/person up to extreme vetting and public divulgement of critical details/requirements (such as real business name, real business address, real personal name(s), real location, etc.) that 99% of entities in the essay industry want to keep private (and can't satisfy in the first place) because they are crooked and have much to hide, I've deemed USPTO trademarking to be a highly-weighted signal of potential trustworthiness (especially since the site/company that owns the trademarks has a long-standing reputation of legitimacy that pre-dates the trademarking).

No, I do not. Well, I do, just like anyone here, but my agenda is NOT related to companies.

Why would I have a grudge? Against whom? And why? I'm just stating what I see. It is you who's turning to foul language and poor attempts of circular logic. (I am neither malicious in my intent, nor ignorant. I will concede you know much more than me about the industry - but I never claimed otherwise, have I?)

I can read just fine, thanks. My pre-school teacher called me a reading machine, because I could read twice as fast as him (sad image of our education system, right?).

I can also fart 3 times my weight in a day.......Can we use that as a metric? :)

BBB was mentioned by Major and you didn't refute him so I used it.

You really need to pay attention to what I'm writing. The age is just a part of the thing, so don't go pickin' away at it like it's the end of the world.

I know 2002 is a flag, but that CANNOT be a major indication as to how good a company is. Surely many great companies emerged both after 2002 AND 2006. Especially if you exclude so many companies by stating they have to have US based metrics. Furthermore, if only one company has USPTO, among many thousands, doesn't that, kinda, run the mill? I understand your point, but consider this - this is an industry that doesn't really thrive on being open. It is very likely that that company had its name bashed by competitors more than once in an attempt to destroy them. So having USPTO, while good for most businesses, need not be as good for our industry. At least not for the owners, but also for customers, especially if the competition destroys the rep of the company, yes?

The intent of your post was to inform, yes? Do you really think US citizens are the only ones coming here seeking information? I don't have the exact metrics of course, but I'd approximate at least 40% of all visitors are either UK/AU/CA based. If that's the case, your post is helping only a small fraction of students (which goes well with my initial claim).

You are free to hold that opinion, of course, but I'd ask that you don't presume to condition mine as you tried to do in the last part of your post. How am I off base if I find that your grading is fit for only a handful of companies. That's just the truth. You can call it whatever you like, patriotism even.

If your opinion is the dominant one on the site, than this site should be called EssayScamUS......

There's yet another aspect not covered here - the majority of the newer (established after 2002) academic research sites have simply stolen ideas, marketing and other tools, and content (Terms of Use, Privacy, Disclaimers, Frequently Asked Questions, etc.) from the industry's pioneers. Some of them, like UK Essays, have the gall to publicly lie about it and announce to the world that they have 'invented' something or that they are 'the first to offer' something when in fact this 'something' has been started or offered by their more established competitors for years.

Now THAT is funny.


I have stated from the beginning that age is merely one factor among many, but it does carry more weight because of the irrefutably important factors that I have mentioned.


As I have clearly stated and you have willfully ignored, there are literally thousands of sites/freelancers, which makes it nearly impossible for respective customers -- especially those with no knowledge of the industry -- to quickly/easily narrow down their options to a reputable, trustworthy few. Do you truly not understand the value and utter necessity of focusing on "generality," "likelihood," and "potential risk," or are you intentionally playing stupid? Do you know how many hundreds of EssayScam visitors over the years have requested a formula such as mine? Regardless, I never posted it until you and agreatwriter forced me into doing so as part of defending my assessment rationale and character against your underhanded insinuations, incorrect information, and false accusations. But, hey, now you can be proud that the cat is out of the bag and all of your fraudulent competitors now have a blueprint. Congrats!


You completely ignored my perfectly valid explanation as to why why USPTO carries more weight. (FYI, sticking your head in the sand, ignoring, and sidestepping do not negate the fact that I have, indeed, already addressed the USPTO matter quite clearly for all to see and understand.)


Well, of course; you have not posted any evidence, metrics, or data to support any of your claims.


You'd "approximate"? Really? Based on what? Your admitted lack of industry knowledge? Also, you may or may not realize that "visitors" include freelancers and site/company agents, the overwhelming majority of whom are scammers from Pakistan, Nigeria, Ukraine, India, Philippines, Kenya, and other foreign countries. Plus, many of those nitwits use randomizing, anonymous IP addresses from UK/AU/CA/US when accessing this site in order to maintain their "native English" charade.


Which percentage is larger: 40% or 60%? Since when is 60% a "small fraction"? Also, are you claiming that UK/AU/CA visitors are only interested in USPTO status, even though it is only one of many, many variables (and I clearly stated that there are countless possible combinations of said variables)?

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The horse is dead and thoroughly beaten; no need for me to continue.
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BTW, wordsies, you apparently have a simpler, clearer, more valid, more convenient, better-researched, more customer-friendly scale/formula than mine, so I am wondering why you have not yet posted it. I would love to see it. Please don't keep the world waiting any longer.


Right. That is intentional. From the first post.

The post is really helpful for the new freelance essay writers. But, for the students, it is a big task to go through all the criteria and make the best choice as they have little time to choose one. By the way, thank you for the inputs.

It is my understanding that this site is global in scope and not restricted to any particular country: [check out the main page]

The best way out might be if students are dealing with companies they can conduct research and can find something bad about them or cling to the ones that have already made a good name for themselves since they're well known. Also if they use their credit card they can file complaint with the card provider that could be bad for the company's reputation if it happens many times. If they use PayPal the same applies because they can dispute their case and ask for refund that could have the company blacklisted. If they're working with individual freelancers they shouldn't pay the whole money in advance. In fact, they've to see at least 500 words sample before they part with their money. This could give the small industry a good image.

@ProfessorVerb

Um, I've been around since the beginning, so I think I know what I'm talking about.

I not only concede your expertise, I have cited it in this forum several times. My understanding was based on the TOS's sole requirement for posters to be 13 years or older without regard to nationality. Although my search has not been exhaustive, I haven't seen any text concerning EssayScam being strictly about the U.S. essay industry.

Looking carefully with the plan can avoid the trouble of getting spam services. Search carefully and evaluate the options wisely before making any decisions.

I suppose all real US writing services have VERY high prices. All others will most probably be from other countries but still some of them could be reliable and provide high quality content. I used one service before (with relatively low prices) and was very satisfied.

Please help: paper in Statistics (Sociology) - the best essay service provider???

Hi everybody

I´m a Scandinavian student on a desperate quest for a helping hand in completing my Master´s paper in Statistics (broader field Sociology). I´ve so far encountered only scam providers (essaysdeluxe.com, uk-essay.net etc.) with what appears to be Russian background and definitely accent (customer support).....

Could anyone with experience point me to a legit essay writing company that could help me out..(?). I´ve found some info on custompapers.com and graduatewriter. Are they any good???

Trusted Dissertation Service provider

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I am a regular user of essay writing services and always check the following points before starting using a certain website:
- safe payment systems. Let it be PayPal or G2S - the systems where you customer's rights are protected;
- policies: I prefer the websites which have a free revision policy, money back guarantee and privacy policy. I like the feeling that my prof will not learn that i get assistance for my papers from somewhere :)

- support availability - the best services provide 24/7 customer care via phone, chat and email.
My favorite website for writing is Write my paper. - their prices are not too high and they provide all the options mentioned above.
The best thing about it is that they have good professionals working on them which you can hire for different subjects - from biology to computer science.

I think that reviews on writing services will help you find the most reliable service!

You should also make sure that the writing service that you choose to use offers free draft versions of the essay prior to completion. A good writing company allows the student to get at least half of the written work midway through the deadline. This is a show of good faith that indicates the company and the writer you have hired through them will follow through on the promise to meet the deadline you set. Aside from that, you can also get an idea as to whether the paper is going in the direction you want it to go and if not, have it corrected before completion. Reputable writing services are not as difficult to come by as you think. Those that offer free drafts are sometimes a safe bet when it comes to getting your paper done on time and in a high quality standard. As mentioned earlier, the payment system also tells you if the company is worth the risk. Personally, as long as the company offers Paypal as a payment collection agency, I feel better using the service. More because I know that Paypal will always help me get my money back in case of fraud. A reputable writing service will always align itself with other reputable companies in order to build their "trustworthy" image.

I have never heard of a company that would do such a thing. Sometimes you or the company have clients that are terrified of the entire experience and they want to see half of the work before paying the full amount, and that can be arranged with 50:50 payment (rarely but happens). However, writing drafts is not time-efficient. Maybe there are some writers out there that actually write drafts for their papers, but I don't see how they keep up with the workload, since they're doing twice the work for the same amount of money.

@wordsies There is actually a company that does that. I know because up till last week, I still worked for them. For any order over 15 pages, they ask the writer to upload the draft within a few days before the deadline. So if the deadline is in 2 weeks, you are required to upload the draft for the client's approval within one week. If you forget, the company will remind you to upload the draft within 24 hours of the 7th day. It is not efficient at all. I will grant you that and I told the company that.

However, they said that the action was a sign of goodwill of the company and the writer towards the client. Plus, they claim that it saves on revision time because the client can demand changes prior to the finalizing of the paper. When I asked them how an unfinished paper could be revised, I was told that it is the client's prerogative to have the early draft changed if they feel that it isn't the direction they wanted to take with their paper. I pointed out that the client could very well sell the draft of the early unfinished version (whoever they sell it to after can fill in the blanks), then come back and demand a new paper. In which case, I worked on a second paper for free and the company got paid only once. I don't think those Ukrainians had very good business sense. Either that or they were overcharging the client so much and paying me so little that they did not mind giving away the drafts.

Some foreign companies try to lure unsuspecting students into getting the 'best deal' by offering them free and 'unlimited' revisions, free initial page, or a 'free draft,' but it's all worthless; a free draft is typically a copy-paste + auto-software paraphrase, that's all. Some others, as Smiley noted, may give something more usable (since it's written by a human, not a copy-paste robot), but they don't pay their freelance writers for that extra work.

As I said, drafts are a waste of time, and they bring nothing to the writer or the student.

The original post is even more relevant today.

I don't really think so (especially on doing twice the work), I can send a draft while I take a water break for a long project. Doesn't mean I'll actually stop working on the project until I get feedback from the client. In my opinion, it's just a good way to ease the fears of the client. Anyway, a draft for me is just a half of what I've done on a project.

When clients have projects that require drafts before the final submissions, I usually explain that after thousands of projects, I no longer need to write any "drafts" and I offer to just provide the final version before the due date of the draft, which they can then use to develop a "draft" without costing them any extra money. Anything shorter than about 10 pages typically gets written in a single work session, so providing a draft usually also means having to spend part of another day on a project that normally takes me only part of one day. I won't refuse to provide an earlier draft and sometimes clients do choose that more expensive option, but I have to charge extra for that, simply because it means that I'll have to spend more time on the project and deliver something sooner than I would if it were just a regular project with a single due date.

nice post, but what about the students those are in a hurry to submit their assignments.

Thanks, but I'm not sure what you're asking (or implying). The students is solely in control of when he or she requests a project in relation to a deadline, not the writer. Ordinarily, a draft (if required on the student's end) is due sometime before the final version. If, for some reason, a customer requests both a "draft" and a final version for the same rush deadline, I don't have a problem providing both together, but it's (obviously) going to cost more than a project delivered without any draft that I didn't need to write to produce a perfect essay.

The main point is that when you've written so many thousands of projects, you no longer need to write "drafts" the way students and less experienced writers usually need to; you just write the project and edit it as you're writing it and then make minor changes in the proofreading stage. Ordinarily, those degrees and types of changes don't really qualify as a "draft" where one is specifically assigned. However, if for whatever reason, a draft is requested to be delivered simultaneously with the final version, that's not a problem; it's just going to cost more than the same project without a draft because it's something I don't need to write in addition to the actual project..

If I needed to write "drafts" first, the client would be more than welcome to them at no charge. The point is simply that if I don't need to write a draft in the first place but the client requests one, that means I have to do additional writing to produce a "draft" instead of simply writing the actual project, and that if I have to spend more time coming up with additional writing besides the actual project, that's obviously got to be paid as extra work, because that's exactly what it is. But it's not a problem to provide if it's paid for. I don't charge full price for the draft, because it's either adaptable to the project to some degree (or actually written after the fact and heavily based on the essay after it's written; but it's always extra paid work.

More generally, some clients contact me asking for projects within a few hours of their deadline, and sometimes, those requests are just totally unrealistic or impossible because of their length and/or because I'm already busy with another deadline that night or just otherwise unavailable without having to cancel my non-work plans (like my workout, a hockey game, a building board meeting, or just plans with the wife, etc.) on that particular evening, which reflects bad time management on the part of the client. It's one thing to procrastinate so long that you have to hire a writer for your project a few days before it's due in the first place; but it's another level of procrastination and irresponsibility entirely not to bother even contacting a writer until a few hours before your deadline. If I happen to be available on such notice (or if I'm willing to cancel my other plans to squeeze it in for your emergency, I won't refuse to do it; but understand that the rush and inconvenience on my end is always going to cost a premium for reasons that should be obvious.

Let us try this out to safely select the perfect site for essay papers among various essay writing sites for the help of students.

@customwriting what the heck are you trying to say? Please do not use the American flag to indicate your location in your profile when your grammar totally gives away the fact that you are NOT located in the United States, nor do you work for a legitimate American essay writing company. You are not fooling anybody here. If anything, you are giving the readers undue grief and stress due to your nonsensical post. Do yourself a favor, get out of the academic writing game. You won't be hired by a decent student, even if that student is looking to hire a writer / ESL writer on the cheap side.

Your post doesn't have anything to do with the oirignal post or the latest response posted. The minute I read your work and saw your location, I told myself, "Great, another worthless wannabe writer who thinks using America as a location can actually fool people." Please, don't waste our time by trying to interact with us. Don't waste the student's time either by trying to fool them into hiring you. It isn't going to work. Your post doesn't make any sense and based on that, I am sure that none of the papers you write will even be worth the effort you put into the cut and paste work you plan to use to complete the student's work.

Grammar does not really give away anyone's physical location


Now this is what you can tell from someone's grammar

Grammar and sentence structure provide preliminary indications of how well someone can write in English, and plenty of Americans (including some who consider themselves to be "writers") exhibit bad grammar and sentence structure. However, even bad American writers know how to use articles and common idioms correctly. It's the wrong use of articles and idioms that's so characteristic of most ESL writers (even some fairly good ones); and that's what usually exposes their writing as ESL, regardless of where they might actually be physically located or what their nationality of origin might be.


Writers have absolutely no control over when students choose to contact us for the first time in relation to their deadlines. If you wait until a day or two before your deadline to find a writer for a large project, you're severely limiting your options when it comes to things such as requesting "drafts" and (more importantly) the option to place a smaller order first, to test out the writer you've chosen to try for the first time. Sometimes, what some of us can produce in just one or two days might seem like a miracle to someone who doesn't write academic projects for a living; but even the best of us don't have time machines.

If you don't contact me for a 15-page project until 24 or 48 hours before it's due, there's just not going to be any time for you to "test" me first with a smaller order; but that's something that's totally under your control, not mine. I don't refuse those very short deadlines if I can squeeze them in and I know that I'm going to do a good job on them, but there's just not going to be any realistic way for you to ascertain that to your satisfaction in advance and you won't really have any way of knowing that until you receive the finished project. If you procrastinate until the last day or two before your deadline to order a large project, you're just not leaving yourself any options besides reading whatever you can find about the writers you're considering and then hoping that you made the right choice.

That sounds like the most likely answer. ;) I totally agree with you on drafts being inefficient for writers.

Personally, I work on complete projects 99% of the time. If the client finds an error or something missed in the completed project (rare but I'm human), I am happy to revise. No questions asked. However, perceptions vary so much from person to person that I do not have time to go back and forth making changes because a customer says things like, "I like what you wrote, but maybe you would could focus on this instead of that." First, if you requested that I focus on "this" instead of "that" in your instructions, sure, I'll change it. Otherwise, it's considered a subjective opinion, and I have to be paid for my time. Can't pay more for my time? Well, since you already know you want to add "that" instead of "this," go ahead. In the time it takes to email the writer about trivial things, sometimes, the customer could have plugged those words or changes in themselves. Then we get "but that's what I paid you to do." So what then? Reviewing the original instructions to be sure I didn't miss anything, I remind the client of what they ordered and illustrate how I fulfilled their requirements.

Overall, the scenario above, if working with drafts, is often doubled. So instead of addressing any issues when the full project is complete, the entire order could become a back and forth of endless (and often trivial) changes.

I am pro-customer all the way, but as writers, most of us have a professional system that works and has worked well for many years. I know it is hard to trust a writer you've never used, but for the best outcome, sometimes you gotta bite the bullet that just go with the flow. ;) Constant change requests when a project is completed in draft stage, combined with the interruptions that drafts bring along, hinder a writer's progress and, while not intentional, can reduce quality.

I wish I could personally relay this information more to clients. While there are positive intentions to wanting to desperately see a draft prior to it being submitted, it does not necessarily mean that they would help the writer accomplish the work. I'd rather give out a work and be ask to accomplish a revision than provide a draft and have to start all over. The latter, obviously, makes me lose momentum as a writer. And this, of course, does not also benefit anyone in the long-run.

There are also situations where clients request a draft because they're supposed to submit one for their first deadline and then submit a final version for a later deadline. In those situations, I give clients the option to pay for an essay of however many pages the draft is supposed to be and I purposely introduce some disorganization and some mistakes typically associated with drafts so that I can correct them for the final version. Then, I charge them a fair price to go back to it to resolve those issues and incorporate whatever other requests their professors demand in their remarks on the draft. The cost depends substantially on how much revision the professors demand and how much extra work is involved, but it's the more expensive option.

The other approach is for me to simply write the final version for the draft deadline and just let the clients mess them up a bit and/or leave some parts out and substitute some bullet points indicating that certain sections have yet to be fully developed in the final version. They change my essay as much as they want to create an imperfect "draft" for the draft deadline. Then, they just use my original essay for the final submission and if the professor makes any additional demands, I just incorporate whatever they ask for and charge what's fair for that extra work. It almost always reflects arbitrary and subjective preferences of the professor and as often as not, those suggestions don't really improve the essay; they just reflect the professors' need to criticize something and provide "instruction" to feel like they're doing their jobs. Plenty of times, their suggestions actually make the final essay worse instead of better, but I'll do whatever it takes to satisfy them. That option usually costs less in total because it involves less extra work than developing a true draft first and then resolving the deliberate disorganization, incompleteness, and imperfections necessary to make it a convincing "draft."