I have personally heard of writers who have definitely turned to small claims courts to chase outstanding debt.
Really? How many times did they have to go back to court to get the case heard and what was the outcome? What percentage of any writer's clients do you suppose happen to live within a few-hour drive of where the writer lives? How do you suggest writers who don't happen to live in the same state as their non-paying clients go about suing them and then collecting on the judgment if they win? At most, 5%-10% of my American clients live in NY and approximately 50% of my clients don't even live in this country. How do you imagine I would "sue" clients who live out of state and/or abroad? Most projects are worth only a few hundred dollars or less. How many of those projects do you imagine a busy writer with multiple deadlines every day during most weeks of the year can possibly afford to chase down for payment after delivery?
The whole fiasco is definitely a pressing thing for anyone who freelances.
It's never an issue if you always require full payment in advance. It's an issue that will definitely come up repeatedly (and way too often to deal with) if you provide any work before payment. No writer who does this as a fulltime job can afford to take the risk of having to waste time and money chasing after non-paying clients. That's why experienced fulltime writers never allow anything less than full payment in advance. The only sensible and workable way that clients can "build trust" with a writer is by ordering a very small project first, even a single page if you're that worried about it.
Someone will always have to take the risk associated with that first project; but busy writers with constant deadlines simply can't afford to deal with clients who won't even trust them with pre-payment for a one-page or two-page project. Of course, clients can reduce that risk to an absolute minimum by using resources (such as this website) to identify writers who are unlikely to be scams in the first place. Conversely, there's no such thing as any website or forum that allows writers to review the reputations of new clients.
Furthermore, on that note, clients only have to do research once to identify a legitimate writer; meanwhile, a busy writer might have 100 or 200 different clients (and twice that many
prospective clients) every year. How much time do you imagine a busy writer can afford to spend researching every new prospective client to determine whether or not that client can be trusted to pay after delivery and how would you suggest writers go about that process? Those are just some of the most obvious reasons that clients who want a good, highly-experienced professional writer are just going to have to accept that payment after delivery is not an option. You might find some people who call themselves "writers" who are willing to provide work before payment, but they're invariably going to be inexperienced fledgling writers and people who just dabble in this business as a side-gig or as something they try to do to earn money in between real jobs.