Vocational and technical schools are (obviously) only viable alternatives for those interested in careers that only require that type of training (and/or apprenticeships) in fields where that's the norm. Typically, people who know that they plan on becoming auto mechanics, construction workers, deep-sea crab fisherman, tattoo artists, hair stylists, and plumbers (etc.) aren't the people who consider wasting 4 years and a ton of money going to college, in the first place. At the other end of the spectrum are people who have no choice but college, because they're planning on becoming doctors, lawyers, or engineers, or on pursuing other careers in fields that absolutely require a 4-year degree. The people currently caught in the middle are those who want to pursue careers for which college degrees aren't formally or practically
necessary, but are still strongly "preferred" by employers, as well as those who have no real idea yet what career path they might want to pursue, but who want to have as many options as possible and be competitive against other candidates with degrees, especially when good jobs that don't
require degrees are relatively scarce. Obviously, qualified without any degree is better than unqualified with a degree, but in almost all cases, qualified with a degree is still much better than qualified without a degree, in almost all careers
except those in which vocational or technical training is the traditional pathway.
So, the dilemma about whether or not college is worth the time and expense is almost exclusively a problem of students who just want to have the best chances of getting hired for the types of jobs that don't
require formal degrees but where lacking a degree is still a detriment, even if only because of employers'
preferences and
expectations, rather than because they're actually necessary for vocational competence in the position. Unfortunately, most white-collar jobs require a college degree in a practical sense of being preferred by employers, even if the jobs, themselves, don't actually require a college education to do the work. Like it or not, the fact that a college education is now the "norm" rather than the relative exception that it might have been half a century ago also means that people applying for most white-collar jobs will be much less likely to get their preferred jobs, simply because, rightly or wrongly, they'll be bumping up against a prejudicial assumption that they're less capable or smart or accomplished, just by virtue of not having a college degree, especially when most of the candidates against whom they're competing do have a degree.